The #include preprocessor directive performs a simple inclusion of the specified header file. There are two possible forms of this directive; the first form is

#include <header>

where the angled brackets specifies to the preprocessor that the header file should be fetched from the C++ Standard Library where it will search for the header file header.h.

The second form is

#include "header.h"

The preprocessor will search in the working directory to find the header file header.h.

Note: some people may use .hpp for C++ header files, leaving .h for C header files. This is not compliant with the C++ Standard.

C++ Standard Libraries

The C++ Standard Libraries (referenced) include:

• Containers
• <bitset>
• <deque>
• <list>
• <map>
• <queue>
• <set>
• <stack>
• <vector>
• General
• <algorithm>
• <functional>
• <iterator>
• <locale>
• <memory>
• <stdexcept>
• <utility>
• Strings
• <string>
• Streams and Input/Output
• <fstream>
• <ios>
• <iostream>
• <iosfwd>
• <iomanip>
• <istream>
• <ostream>
• <sstream>
• <streambuf>
• Numerics
• <complex>
• <numeric>
• <valarray>
• Language Support
• <exception>
• <limits>
• <new>
• <typeinfo>

In addition to these new libraries, a number of C libraries are available:

• <cassert>
• <cctype>
• <cerrno>
• <cfloat>
• <climits>
• <cmath>
• <csetjmp>
• <csignal>
• <cstdlib>
• <cstddef>
• <cstdarg>
• <ctime>
• <cstdio>
• <cstring>
• <cwchar>
• <cwctype>

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